Shakespeare and the Giants of German Literature: A Comparative Analysis

When considering the greatest literary figures in German literature, one might be inclined to think of William Shakespeare. After all, his works, translated and adapted by Friedrich Schlegel and August Wilhelm Schlegel, have had an enormous impact on German literature and culture. However, the question of who could rightfully claim the title of 'Shakespeare of German literature' becomes murky when we delve into the historical context and the ultimate depth and breadth of German literary figures.

The Shakespearean Legacy through German Translations

Broadly speaking, Shakespeare can be considered the 'Shakespeare of German literature' because of the profound influence of Schlegel-Tieck translations. These translations have allowed German readers and theater-goers to engage with Shakespeare's works as if they were written by a native German author. This phenomenon is not unique to Germany, as Shakespeare's plays and poetry have been translated and adapted in many languages worldwide, enriching global literature.

Nevertheless, the idea of Shakespeare being the figure central to German literature is perhaps more complex. In the realm where literary influence and significance are paramount, one name stands out: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Goethe's contribution to German literature is multifaceted, encompassing poetry, drama, prose, literary criticism, and even scientific inquiry. He is often considered the most eminent figure in German literary history, having had a formative effect on the German language and culture.

The Complexity of Authorship

Mr. Corwyn Berthier's perspective on Shakespeare as an exemplary figure of literary excellence has its merits, but the author expresses a strong disinterest in the idolization of authors. According to the author, Shakespeare's unique genius lies not only in his unparalleled mastery but also in his imperfections and the real human aspects of his work. The author notes that works such as 'Titus Andronicus' and 'The Merchant of Venice' bear witness to the contradictions and societal issues of Shakespeare's time, making him a more relatable and flawed figure. Similarly, the author ponders on the concept of 'poetic drama,' noting that it is a later development and that works like 'Samson Agonistes' were never intended for the stage.

Goethe's Unmatched Legacy

While acknowledging Shakespeare's unparalleled impact, the author argues for the singular importance of Goethe. Goethe's masterpiece, 'Faust,' is a towering work of literature that stands as a testament to his literary and intellectual prowess. However, the author also distinguishes Goethe's contributions from those of his contemporaries, such as Friedrich Schiller and Heinrich Heine. Schiller, for instance, was a significant poet but did not quite reach the universal appeal and depth as Goethe. Heine, despite his significant contributions, was not on the same level as these giants.

It is fascinating to note that even other greats such as Alexander Pushkin, the renowned poet of old Russia, had certain limitations. Pushkin, while influential, did not possess the reach and impact of Goethe. Heine, Pushkin, and other notable writers like Gustave Flaubert and Emily Bronte had their own unique contributions but did not overshadow or replace the majesty of Goethe and Shakespeare.

Concluding Thoughts on the Impetus of Idolization

The author's stance on the worship of literary figures is clear: it can be detrimental to the literary community. The author believes that while the idolization of great authors may seem productive at first, it ultimately leads to the creation of copycats and rehashed versions that fail to truly resonate with contemporary readers or audiences. Furthermore, the constant elevation of figures can distort the historical and cultural significance of these authors, turning them into unattainable icons rather than relatable human beings.

In conclusion, while Shakespeare has waltzed through the translations and adaptations of German literature, his true significance in the historical context of German literature is secondary to the unmatched achievement of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. The absence of a second Shakespeare, or a second Goethe, is a blessed relief, ensuring that the literary giants remain irreplaceable and unique.

References:

Friedrich Schlegel, August Wilhelm Schlegel, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe William Shakespeare, 'Titus Andronicus,' 'The Merchant of Venice' Heinrich Heine, 'The Cenci' Friedrich Schiller, 'Faust Part II' Emily Bronte, 'Wuthering Heights'