Understanding Maya in Hindu Philosophy: Who Created the Illusion?

M'],['h2> Central Concepts in Hindu Philosophy

At the heart of Hindu philosophy lies the concept of Maya, often misunderstood as mere illusion. However, the term Mithya (not Maya) better captures the essence of this concept. Sri Shankara, a prominent Hindu philosopher, stated that creation, or jagat, is an illusion (mihya), implying that the material world is not real in the absolute sense.

Maya is the divine energy of Brahman, the infinite ultimate reality. In the Upanishads, Maya is described as an intrinsic aspect of Brahman that brings forth the manifested creation. This creation, while apparent, is ultimately temporary and transient, much like the dream state that arises from deep sleep.

Maya as a Veil

The concept of Maya is often clearer when understood as a veil rather than illusion. This veiling process is twofold: Avarana and vikshepa. Avarana masks the true nature of the Jiva (spiritual essence) from knowing itself as Brahman, while vikshepa causes the projection of the illusory material world. The purpose of this veiling is not to deceive but to nurture love and unity.

The Role of Bhagavan Vishnu

Bhagavan Vishnu, one of the principal deities in Hinduism, is often associated with the power of Maya due to his role as the preserver. He is known as Mayapati, the ruler of Maya. As the creator of Vidhat, Vishnu uses Maya to manage the phenomenal world. Hindus pray to Vishnu to help them recognize and overcome his Maya, ultimately leading to Moksha (liberation) from the cycles of Samsara.

Differentiating between reality and illusion through devotion to Vishnu can help one find liberation. Within the realm of Samsara, Bhagavan Vishnu is the controller, and no individual can fully cheat his power. However, through devotion and understanding, one can attain a higher spiritual status.

Conclusion

The concept of Maya in Hindu philosophy is a profound and complex idea. It is not a creation but an intrinsic aspect of the ultimate reality, Brahman. Understanding Maya as a veil rather than an illusion allows for a deeper appreciation of its purpose and significance in the spiritual journey.