The Varkari Sect in Hinduism: Tradition, Philosophy, and Pilgrimage
The Varkari Sect in Hinduism: Tradition, Philosophy, and Pilgrimage
The Varkari sect, one of the prominent Bhakti traditions in Hinduism, has a rich history and cultural significance. Originating in modern-day Maharashtra, India, the Varkari tradition is deeply rooted in the teachings and philosophies of its founder, Sant Jnaneshwar, who lived over 700 years ago. This article explores the significance of the Varkari tradition, its philosophical underpinnings, and the annual pilgrimage to Pandharpur.
Introduction to the Varkari Sect
The chief center of the Varkari tradition is the city of Pandharpur, which is also the seat of Panduranga, the revered deity who is central to this tradition. The Varkari sect is not merely a religious sect but a deep-rooted tradition that emphasizes the devotional path (Bhakti margi) of Hinduism. Unlike some other sects, the Varkari is open to all and not bound by caste or creed.
Philosophical Roots and Symbolism
The Varkaris are known for their individualistic approach to devotion. The term 'Varkari' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'Varanvar', which means 'going again and again'. This is reflected in their spiritual journey, particularly through the traditional pilgrimage to Pandharpur, which is known as 'vari'. This annual pilgrimage is a communal and personal act of devotion that is highly significant for the Varkari practitioners.
The Tradition and Its Founder
The Varkari tradition was founded by Sant Jnaneshwar, a Bhakti poet and philosopher who lived in the 13th century. Jnaneshwar's teachings and writings, particularly the 'Jnaneshwari', a commentary on the Bhagavad Gita, laid the foundation for the Varkari philosophy of devotion and spiritual practice. One of the key tenets of this tradition is the reverence for Shiva, alongside other deities, reflecting a non-sectarian approach to spirituality.
Key Concepts and Practices
The core of the Varkari tradition is based on the idea of devotion (Bhakti) towards Lord Vithoba, also known as Panduranga. This god is considered a manifestation of Lord Shiva. The Varkaris believe in the power of chanting the Name of Lord Vithoba and engaging in continuous devotion. The term 'Varkari' signifies a person who is devoted to the worship of Panduranga and one who makes regular pilgrimages to Pandharpur.
The Significance of Pandharpur
Pandharpur, located in the district of Pune in Maharashtra, is the holiest place for Varkari devotees. It is believed that the idol of Lord Vithoba was found in a mango orchard by the Pandharpurees, a local village. The annual pilgrimage to this city, known as 'Pilgrim Walk' or 'Yatra', attracts thousands of devotees from across India and beyond. This pilgrimage is not just a physical journey but a spiritual one, marking the Varkari's commitment to devotion and faith.
Conclusion
The Varkari sect stands as a powerful testament to the diversity and richness of Hindu spiritual traditions. Through its emphasis on individual devotion and its non-sectarian approach, the Varkari tradition continues to inspire and guide millions of devotees across India. As a living tradition, it offers a deep spiritual practice that resonates with both the past and the present, making it a vibrant and enduring part of Indian culture.