The Sacred Parijat Tree in Hinduism: Symbolism and Significance

The Parijat, or Night Jasmine, holds a deep and revered place in Hindu mythology and religion. Often known as a sacred and fragrant flowering plant that blooms exclusively at night, the Parijat tree is closely tied to the concept of selfless work and divine offerings. This article explores the symbolism of the Parijat tree and its significance in Hinduism.

Symbolism of Parijat: A Emblem of Niskama Karma

The Parijat tree is not just a beautiful flowering plant, but serves as a symbol of the principles deeply ingrained in Hindu philosophy - niskama karma (selfless work) and the essence of service with no expectation of reward. The plant's unique characteristics, which include blooming only at night and shedding its flowers during the day, make it a powerful metaphor for the beauty and fragrance that can be found in dedicated service and unselfish acts.

As a sacred offering, the Parijat is an exceptional fragrance that can be presented to deities. Unlike other flowers that wilt and lose their freshness soon, the Parijat retains its aroma even as its petals fall. This unique quality underscores the idea of purity and devotion that Hinduism values.

Lore of the Parijat Tree

The legend of the Parijat tree is steeped in myth and folklore. One popular narrative refers to the Kalpavriksha, the tree of life, as a mythical tree that can fulfill any wish. According to the story, the king of the gods, Indra, returned from heaven with the Kalpavriksha. This tree is also associated with the divine cow Kamadhenu and the churning process of the ocean of milk, part of the great cosmic event known as the Samudra Manthan.

Indra is said to have planted the Kalpavriksha in his abode in paradise, but some myths claim the tree was first located on Earth and later transported there. There are myths that mention five Kalpavrikshas, each fulfilling different wishes and residing in various locations, including the peak of Mt. Meru in the middle of Indra's five paradise gardens.

A Sacred Parijat Tree in India

In India, particularly in the village of Kintoor near Barabanki in Uttar Pradesh, the Parijat tree is venerated and recognized as a sacred baobab tree. It is a protected tree, and damaging it is strictly prohibited. Interestingly, the Parijat in this context is not the true baobab but is often mistaken for the Indian coral tree (Eyrthrina indica), which shares some similar characteristics. The connection between the Parijat and the magnolia or frangipani (Sanskrit: champaka tree) is made due to their shared cultural and symbolic importance.

The Parijat in Hindu Literature and Mythology

The Parijat tree has a notable mention in the ancient Indian epic, the Mahabharata. In a significant passage, Lord Krishna is said to identify himself with the Parijat tree among all other trees. Another legendary tale tells of how Lord Krishna brought the Parijat tree from heaven at the request of his consort, Rukmini. This act of bringing the Parijat from heaven further emphasizes its divine and sacred status.

Cultural Significance Today

Today, the Parijat tree continues to hold a special place in Hindu culture, symbolizing not only devotion and purity but also selflessness and dedication. Its unique properties and its mythological link to divine beings make it an enduring symbol in Hindu spiritual practices and cultural traditions.

Keywords: Parijat tree, Hinduism, sacred flowers