The Path to Enlightenment: Rules and Responsibilities of Buddhist Monks, Nuns, and Novices

Buddhism, with its millions of practitioners worldwide, offers a profound spiritual journey aimed at achieving enlightenment. The journey, however, is multifaceted, involving not only personal dedication but also adherence to a structured regimen. This article delves into the rules and responsibilities followed by Buddhist monks, nuns, and novices, providing insight into the path they undertake.

Understanding Buddhist Monks and Nuns

Contrary to the common belief, there isn’t a formal 'novice' step for becoming a monk. Instead, the process involves a series of phases, with a significant portion of time spent in active practice and learning. Most individuals who engage with Buddhism do so with great enthusiasm, akin to the way lovers approach their crush, experiencing an initial burst of excitement. However, as time progresses, the initial euphoria often wanes, giving way to a more rigorous daily practice that requires ongoing self-honesty, mental effort, emotional courage, and infinite patience.

Challenges of Monastic Life

The journey to enlightenment is not for the faint-hearted. It is described as a long and arduous path that can take several years, if not decades, to yield significant results. Many people drop out after just a few years, often due to the slow pace of change or the high levels of dedication required. For those who persist, the path to becoming a monk is paved with significant challenges.

Monastic Requirements and Lifestyle

As a novice or a prospective monk, one must commit to a lifestyle devoid of personal possessions, save for basic necessities such as clothing, eyeglasses, and prayer beads (malas). Living conditions are minimal, and daily schedules are dictated by the abbot, who assigns tasks aimed at maintaining the operations of the monastery. New monks often engage in mundane tasks such as floor scrubbing and bathroom cleaning. This regimen is reflective of the monastic lifestyle, which prioritizes serving the community rather than personal comfort.

Emotional and Psychological Demands

Monastic life is not a sanctuary offering peace and tranquility. Instead, it is an environment characterized by continuous learning, reflection, and sometimes, conflict. Monasteries house individuals at varying stages of spiritual development, including some monks who are partially enlightened. This creates an environment rich in diverse perspectives and opinions, often leading to disagreements and arguments. The role of the disciplinarian, whether senior monks or appointed figures, is crucial in maintaining harmony and ensuring that conflicts are resolved fairly.

Supporting the Buddhist Community

While some monasteries are self-sustaining, many require external support. At the author's Buddhist centre, they have a resident Lama/Geshe from the Dalai Lama's monastery. This Lama/Geshe, who is not allowed to hold a paying job, spends his time teaching and guiding the members. Despite the centre's support, the dropout rate is surprisingly high, with about 50% of members leaving within the first few years. Only one out of the numerous members has decided to become an ordained nun, while many men have shown no interest in becoming monks.

Conclusion

Becoming a Buddhist monk, nun, or novice is a significant commitment that requires a deep understanding of the principles of Buddhism and a willingness to dedicate one's life to the path of enlightenment. The journey is challenging and demanding, yet it has proven to be a transformative one for those who persist. As Gehlek Rimpoche aptly put it, 'Buddhism is not love and light; it is hard work. If you want love and light, go to the amusement park.' True spiritual growth in Buddhism demands dedication, effort, and an unwavering commitment to the path of enlightenment.