The Incredibly Long History of Belgrade: From Ancient Times to the Present

Belgrade, the capital of Serbia, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Europe. With a history that dates back to around 7000 BC, it is both a monument to the past and a vibrant hub of modern life. This article delves into the rich and complex history of Belgrade, tracing its origins, evolution, and the various civilizations that shaped this historic city.

Early Settlements and the Celtic Connection

The story of Belgrade begins with the settlement by the Celts around the year 300 BC. Historians believe that a Celtic tribe, possibly the Scordisci, founded a community in the area that is now the heart of Belgrade, known as Stari Grad (Old Town). However, the region has been inhabited since at least 4500 BC, making it one of the oldest urban settlements in Central Europe.

The Oldest Name and the Romans

Around 279 BCE, the Celtic people named their town Singidūn, which translates to "fortress" or "fortified town." This name was later adopted by the Romans in the form of Singidunum, a Roman town established in the region around 150 CE. This period marked a significant Roman conquest and influence in the area, shaping the city's layout and infrastructure.

Slavic Influence and Beyond

By the early 6th century CE, Slavic peoples settled in the region, naming the town Beograd, meaning "white walls" or "white city" due to the whitewashed city walls. Control of the region then passed through a series of hands, including the Byzantine Empire, the Frankish Empire, the Bulgarian Empire, and the Kingdom of Hungary. Throughout these periods, the city's administration and name evolved, often reflecting the ruling power of the time. However, the name Beograd/Belgrade (Београд) has remained consistent from the late 1200s onwards, underscoring the enduring legacy of this city.

Modern Times and Beyond

Belgrade's modern history is a blend of resilience and evolution. It withstood numerous invasions and wars, with the most significant being the attack by German tribes during World War II. Since then, the city has undergone a remarkable transformation, evolving into a bustling metropolis with rich cultural heritage and a strong sense of community.

As Belgrade looks to its future, it carries the weight of its ancient past. The city's vibrant culture, beautiful architecture, and historical landmarks are testaments to the countless civilizations that have called it home. From the early Celtic settlers to the present-day inhabitants, Belgrade continues to thrive as a symbol of endurance and progress.