Buddhism, Hinduism and Yoga: Exploring the Connections and Differences

Many people are often confused about the relationship between Buddhism, Hinduism, and the practice of yoga. This confusion arises from the common misconception that yoga is solely related to Hinduism. However, the reality is more nuanced, and understanding these connections can provide valuable insights into Eastern philosophies and spirituality.

The Rejection of Hinduism by Siddhartha and the Birth of Buddhism

Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, did not accept Hinduism. This was because he found its teachings did not address the fundamental questions and quandaries he was seeking to resolve. While today yoga is often associated with Hinduism, it is important to note that the concept of yoga extends beyond the religious practices of Hinduism. Yoga, in its essence, can be interpreted as a state of mind characterized by a profound and selfless attitude towards life, serving as a conduit for spiritual awakening.

Understanding the Different Forms of Yoga in Hinduism

While Westerners might associate yoga with the physical postures and exercises known as Hatha yoga, the true essence of yoga in Hinduism lies in its spiritual and philosophical aspects. The term yoga in Hinduism refers to different forms, such as Raja yoga (which emphasizes meditation), Karma yoga (focused on action and serving others), Jnana yoga (emphasizing knowledge and wisdom), and Bhakta yoga (devotion to the divine).

A true Hindu yogi engages in all these forms of yoga, making it a comprehensive path towards spiritual and personal development, rather than just a set of physical exercises.

Buddhism and the Dharmic Traditions

Buddhism, like other dharmic traditions such as Vedanta, Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Jainism, and Sikhism, is often considered within the broader context of Indian indigenous traditions. Buddhism, as a darshana (a philosophical system), is distinct from the colonial construct of “dharmic tradition,” which includes both religious and cultural practices of India.

The term dharma has often been translated into English as 'religion,' but this is a modern concept that doesn't fully capture the essence of the term in its original context. Dharma is more about the principle of moral behavior and righteousness, which serves as a foundation for all dharmic practices.

The Concept of Yoga in Dharmic Traditions

In the context of all dharmic traditions, yoga refers to the practice of establishing a state of pure consciousness or a "state of mind" that is conducive to realizing one's true self. Yoga is derived from the root word "yuj', meaning to 'hitch or yoke.' This can be visualized as aligning one's actions and thoughts with a higher purpose, serving as an instrument of the divine.

This attitude involves selfless service for the general good, making one a vehicle for divine inspiration or guidance, without any personal selfish motives. In this sense, yoga transcends specific religious practices and becomes a way of life, embodying the principles of compassion, wisdom, and selfless dedication.

In summary, while yoga is often associated with Hinduism, it is a concept that permeates various dharmic traditions, including Buddhism. Understanding these connections can provide a deeper appreciation for the spiritual and philosophical underpinnings of these traditions and their role in fostering personal and communal well-being.